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Lawsuits are rare events in most people's lives. High-stakes cases are even less commonplace. Why is it, then, that scholarship about the Japanese legal system has focused almost exclusively on epic court battles, large-scale social issues, and corporate governance? Mark D. West's Law in Everyday Japan fills a void in our understanding of the relationship between law and social life in Japan by shifting the focus to cases more representative of everyday Japanese life.
Compiling case studies based on seven fascinating themes—karaoke-based noise complaints, sumo wrestling, love hotels, post-Kobe earthquake condominium reconstruction, lost-and-found outcomes, working hours, and debt-induced suicide—Law in Everyday Japan offers a vibrant portrait of the way law intermingles with social norms, historically ingrained ideas, and cultural mores in Japan. Each example is informed by extensive fieldwork. West interviews all of the participants-from judges and lawyers to defendants, plaintiffs, and their families-to uncover an everyday Japan where law matters, albeit in very surprising ways.
- Sales Rank: #1013062 in eBooks
- Published on: 2010-02-15
- Released on: 2010-02-15
- Format: Kindle eBook
Review
"This book is a potential blockbuster in the field of Japanese law. Mark West attacks several obscure but sexy topics to help explain the many ways that culture and society mix with law in Japan. The result of a massive amount of original research, it is also written in an entertaining and engaging way." (Frank K. Upham Frank K. Upham 2004-09-29)
"Mark West has made a name for himself by applying economic analysis to a wide range of Japanese phenomena. In this book, he argues that law structures everyday Japanese interactions in a variety of unanticipated ways. Through several non-obvious but delightfully juicy case studies, he reveals the many colorful ways that law affects day-to-day life in Japan." (J. Mark Ramseyer J. Mark Ramseyer 2005-03-08)
“A blend of fieldwork, rational-choice theory, and statistical analysis, [West] traces the interplay of law, norms, and behavior through quirky case studies of rent-by-the-hour ‘love hotels;’ the business hierarchies of sumo wrestling; Japan’s high rates of debt-related suicide; complaints by the karaoke-deafened against neighboring residents or bars; repair disputes among condominium owners before and after the 1995 Kobe earthquake; and, indeed, Japanese-style lost and found.” (Nina C. Ayoub Chronicle of Higher Education 2005-10-03)
"[West] shows how Japanese are as rational as anyone in responding to carrots and sticks. This is a stimulating book on how the law influences everyday life in subtle and unexpected ways. His lucid explanations of the complex interplay between law and social norms playfully takes readers on a tour of love hotels, sumo stables and karaoke pubs, while also shedding light on Japanese traits such as honesty and diligence. . . . It is a fun read and where else can you find the history of love hotels?" (Donal Richie Japan Times 2005-12-23)
“This is a superb book that explores the interaction of law society and culture over a range of intriguing topics. In seven captivating case studies, Mark West shows how law influences people’s behavior and perceptions in everyday situations. Rather than trumping law, social norms are powerfully shaped by it. We learn that Japanese respond to incentives and penalties in ways very similar to people in other societies. Readers who savor a unique and mystified Japan steeped in timeless customs are in from a jarring shock to their assumptions. . . . By choosing themes off the beaten track of legal analysis, West demonstrates that even the quirkiest phenomena can be analyzed. . . . And he does so in a delightfully engaging manner.”
(Jeff Kingston Japan Times 2006-03-15)
"West possesses an uncommonly inquisitive curiosity, and his intrepid, in-depth investigations make him a consistently captivating guide. . . . This is a fine book and a stimulating read. . . . [West] possesses one of the most interesting minds in Japanese legal studies." (David T. Johnson Journal of Japanese Studies)
"The book is very skillfully written. The author addresses sometimes technical legal issues in a vernacular language that nonspecialists can readily understand. . . . A skillfull, astute, and fascinating book that should be of great value to many scholars, lawyers, laymen, and others." (Gary D. Allinson The Historian)
"Law in Everday Japan is a study of the interaction between legal structures and individual behavior that fills important gaps in our understanding of how conflict is managed in Japanese society. . . . A fine book, a good read, a downright useful piece of social science. It is a marvelously sane reminder of the value of being painstaking and rigorous and the silliness of hewing too closely to any methodological or theoretical dogmas." (Robin M. Le Blanc Monumenta Nipponica)
"As a book that touches the concretes of a seemingly formidable institution such as law, Law in Everyday Japan delivers a unique accomplishment—notably giving Japanese law a human face." (Sonia Ryang Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute)
"This book contains an extremely well researched and presented series of case studies. It is highly recommended for legal anthropologists and essential reading for those in Japanese studies." (Paul J. Magnarella Anthropos)
"West provokes, entertains and challenges his readers to rethink the relationship between social norms and law and the multiple says in which legal rules shape behavior. In so doing he provides jhis readers new and interesting insights into aspects of law where no one else has venuted. He demonstrates above all that in everyday as well as not-so-everyday Japan, law matters." (John O. Haley American Journal of Comparative Law)
"This is without doubt a creative, informative, and conscientiously argued book from which anthropologists and other students of Japan will have much to learn." (Cristoph Brumann Current Anthropology)
From the Inside Flap
Lawsuits are rare events in most people's lives. High-stakes cases are even less commonplace. Why is it, then, that scholarship about the Japanese legal system has focused almost exclusively on epic court battles, large-scale social issues, and corporate governance? Mark D. West's Law in Everyday Japan fills a void in our understanding of the relationship between law and social life in Japan by shifting the focus to cases more representative of everyday Japanese life.
Compiling case studies based on seven fascinating themes—karaoke-based noise complaints, sumo wrestling, love hotels, post-Kobe earthquake condominium reconstruction, lost-and-found outcomes, working hours, and debt-induced suicide—Law in Everyday Japan offers a vibrant portrait of the way law intermingles with social norms, historically ingrained ideas, and cultural mores in Japan. Each example is informed by extensive fieldwork. West interviews all of the participants-from judges and lawyers to defendants, plaintiffs, and their families-to uncover an everyday Japan where law matters, albeit in very surprising ways.
About the Author
Mark D. West is the Nippon Life Professor of Law and director of the Center for Japanese Studies at the University of Michigan. He is coauthor of Economic Organizations and Corporate Governance in Japan: The Impact of Formal and Informal Rules.
Most helpful customer reviews
9 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
Finding Law in Unexpected Places
By Etienne RP
Mark D. West likes things that begin with the letter "S". His book on Law in Everyday Japan finds law in some unexpected places, related together by little except their first letter: Sex, Sumo, and Suicide. His second book on The Rules of Scandal in Japan and the United States complete the series with three additional entries: Secrets, Sex (again), and Spectacle. His third book, published recently and which I haven't had the chance to peruse yet, revisits the issue of Sex (a constant preoccupation for the author, although Japanese adults are said to lack an interest for the practice of it) in relation to Marriage, Romance, and Law.
Apart from words starting with "S", there is a common thread that runs through West's writings on Japan, one that may be summarized with a single word: curiosity. The author is never satisfied with standard explanations of why things are the way they are, and he always wants to know more about the intricacies of Japan's everyday life. This attitude, quite unexpected for grown-up Japanese citizen, is even more uncommon for a foreigner. Even long term foreign residents in Japan usually contend themselves with a narrow angle on Japanese society. Some may acquire expertise in a narrow field or hobby, be it sumo, Japanese-style baseball, samurai swords, or the yakuza underworld. Scores of books in English address these issues, and there are generally well researched. But it is much more uncommon to find a book that addresses the issues of love hotels, karaoke, earthquakes, and lost-and-found objects, and that does so from a legal perspective. Again, economists have accustomed us to find economics in about every social corner, and to apply economic lenses to a variety of phenomena. But lawyers usually stick to their knitting; books engaging readers to discover "their inner lawyer", or bringing "Freaklegalism" to a wide public, have yet to appear on the mass market.
Mark D. West therefore writes in a genre that is not crowded by previous entries. Law in Japan is a small cottage industry in American law schools, but it usually limits itself to narrow questions: why are there so few lawsuits in Japan, or will the number of lawyers increase with the reform of the legal studies curriculum in Japanese universities. According to West, "If we really want to know how law works in Japanese society, we should study things other than lawsuits and lawyers." Trained as a lawyer but also with strong background in economics and a good command of the Japanese language, he was determine to deviate from the trodden path and to assuage his curiosity for everything Japanese. His quest sent him in unexpected places: "I visited sumo stables to learn about sumo rules, lost objects to learn about the lost-and-found system, visited debt counselors to learn about debt-suicide, toured Kobe condominium rubble to learn about reconstruction, and helped love hotel cleaning staff hunt for semen stains with black lights to learn about the love hotel trade." The result is a quite unique book that will lead its readers, familiar with Japan or otherwise, to reconsider their ideas about the land of the rising sun.
Take the lost-and-found system for example. "My central claim, West writes, is that the Japanese lost property system works well in large part because of well-designed formal institutions that efficiently allocate and enforce possessory rights." The law provides a simple system of carrots and sticks. When one finds lost property in Japan, the first place to visit is often the local police box, or kôban. The ubiquity of the kôban helps ingrain law-supporting behavior in everyday Japan from childhood, an observation already made by Ezra Vogel in his Japan As Number One. In the case of lost-and-found, kôban police and related officials take extra care to advertise the potential economic rewards of submitting lost property. Compared to the Japanese system, the U.S. lost-property legal regime is complex and unpredictable. A parallel experiment of a wallet dropped in front of a Japanese store in New York failed to yield similar return rates among Japanese residents as was observed in Tokyo. When in Rome, away from the dense web of rules and obligations that characterizes their home country, Japanese do as the Romans do.
Compared to the analysis of the lost-and-found system, the chapter on sumo lacks focus and fails to develop a single line of reasoning. The author attempts to describe the "myriad of formal legal rules and informal norms that sumo has developed outside the usual confines of the law to structure and define its internal relationships". As a research piece, this chapter cannot compare favorably with the famous paper by Steven D. Levitt, of Freakonomics fame, on the economics of yaochô, or match rigging among sumo wrestlers. It is based on the premise that "most people, even in Japan, do not know what makes sumo tick--how wrestlers organize, how they make their money, and how that money is distributed." But that contention is no longer true: the inner workings of the Japan Sumo Association were exposed by a recent spate of scandals, and it wasn't a pretty sight. As one should not enter the kitchen of a restaurant for fear of ruining the dining experience, attending a training session in a sumo stable exposes the visitor to the shady interior of the sumo world--with the bossing around by the stablemaster, the humiliating status of junior wrestlers, and the potent mix of dirt, sweat and fear that drives the athletes to the point of exhaustion. For once, I agree with the private statement uttered by Nicolas Sarkozy in the run-up to the 2007 French presidential election: "How can anyone be fascinated by these battles between fat men with slicked-sown ponytails? Sumo wrestling is really not a sport for intellectuals."
The two following cases, on disputes filed in court for karaoke noise pollution and on the regulation of the love hotel industry, introduce the reader to two familiar Japanese institutions--although it is not customary to view them from a legal angle. Karaoke noise disputes, like virtually all noise pollution disputes in Japan, are usually resolved before they reach the litigation stage using a bureaucratic pollution complaint resolution mechanism led by "pollution complaint counselors". Karaoke disputes are familiar and allow glimpses of everyday behavior of individuals in Japan. People are said to abide by the rules and value harmony, but in some areas Japan is not a model of consensus: it is a model of bitter, hard-fought, lengthy feuds. Use of the pollution complaint mechanism defuse these tensions before they ruin the social cohesion of a neighborhood. They appear to be a function of both self-interest, institutionally encouraged behavior and social norms. As for love hotels, although law did not create their trade, it influences significantly their numbers, locations, and forms. A new legislation that was conceived to limit their activity paradoxically ushered in a new era of prosperity and growth for them.
Other chapters in the book dwell on condominiums affected by the 1995 Kobe earthquake, the limitations of working hours, and the complex relation between suicide, debt, and insolvency law in Japan (as it should be clear by now, the author by no means restrains himself to themes beginning by the letter "S": it was just an editor's ploy). The general idea is that "Japan can't be boiled down to a few exotic Japanese keywords that explain everyone's behavior." As a result, there will be no discussion here on tatemae and honne (facade opinions displayed in public as opposed to a person's true feeling), giri and ninjô (social obligation and the heart's inclination), hare and kegare (the pure and the soiled). Nor will one meet with the exotic figures that are now obligatory parts of the tourism circuit: maid cafés and cosplay restaurants, anime otaku and manga fairs, hentai people of various perversions and the surprising social tolerance for their deviations.
The last chapter draws some general conclusions. Law exists in many places in everyday Japan, and so do social norms, which interact with law in many different ways. These institutions are not only plentiful: they actually matter. They shape incentives and rewards, and people respond to these incentives. These conclusions should come as no surprise for economists and social scientists, but they go against the grain of the established view of the Japanese society, which maintains that "relationships prevail over legal rules, social custom over common law, and harmonious consensus over lawsuits". After all, one would think that Japan could do without legal rules for the trivial (lost-and-found items), the amusing (karaoke), the intimate (love hotels), and close-knit groups (sumo). That law matters in these areas suggest a pervasive influence in everyday Japan.
0 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Not a book to excite you to jump up and down
By R.L.D.
Has some interesting chapters but can be rather tedious reading. Also could have had a better proof reader for a number of typos or missing/duplicate words. That bugs me, although it seems par for the course nowadays
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